Facet Value Group Filter
Syntax
The facet value group filter parameter uses the following syntax:
s.fvgf=<facetField>, <combineMode>, <value>[, <value>]*
A query string may contain many s.fvgf parameters. There are no defaults for the s.fvgf parameter.
Function
The facet value group filter parameter is an advanced feature that applies filters for groups of facet values with an arbitrary combine mode. This parameter should be used by applying values returned in a facet field only from a previous query.
Example – Using the facet value group filter parameter
This query string applies a facet value group filter for SubjectTerms “north america” OR “u.s”:
s.fvgf=SubjectTerms,or,northern+america,u.s
Example response
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As an explanation, we develop a model where..." ], "PublicationTitle":[ "Journal of Economics and Business" ], "ProviderPackageCode":[ "8BH", "ECH", "IJF", "BSHEE", "K30", "HNJIA" ], "SubjectTerms":[ "U.S", "Banks, Depository Institutions, Micro Finance Institutions, Mortgages (G21)", "Northern America", "Bank", "Reserves", "Interest rates", "Measurement", "Money", "Federal Reserve banks", "Analysis" ], "Volume":[ "45" ], "Discipline":[ "Economics" ], "References":[ "Frost (BIB2) July/Aug. 1971; 79", "Simpson (BIB6) 1984", "Stigum (BIB8) 1983", "Lindsey (BIB3) Jan. 1984; 13", "Clouse (BIB1) Sept. 1990", "Poole (BIB4) Dec. 1968; 23", "Saunders, Urich (BIB5) Dec. 1988; 12", "Spindt, Hoffmeister (BIB7) Dec. 1988; 23", "Stigum (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB8) 1983", "Simpson (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB6) 1984", "Clouse (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB1_1) 1990", "Lindsey (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB3) 1984; 13", "Frost (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB2) 1971; 79", "Spindt (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB7) 1988; 23", "Poole (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB4) 1968; 23", "(10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB1_2) 1982", "Saunders (10.1016/0148-6195(93)90019-K_BIB5) 1988; 12" ], "ContentType":[ "Journal Article" ], "SourceType":[ "Aggregation Database", "Index Database", "Publisher" ], "Author_xml":[ { "sequence":"1", "givenname":"Kenneth J", "surname":"Kopecky", "fullname":"Kopecky, Kenneth J" }, { "sequence":"2", "givenname":"Alan L", "surname":"Tucker", "fullname":"Tucker, Alan L" } ], "Abstract":[ "The variance of federal funds rates on nonsettling days was relatively low during the nonborrowed reserve period. 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We search for these biases by examining the extent to which citizen assessments of streets and parks in Iowa communities match the assessments of a nonresident. The citizens' ratings correlate significantly with the nonresident's ratings, indicating that citizen evaluations are not entirely the product of other influences. However, further analysis reveals some bias. In particular, streets are rated higher in wealthy towns, towns high in political efficacy, and towns where residents rate government services good overall. Parks are rated higher in towns where people come together to solve problems and in towns where people rate government services good overall. Even with these biases, our research indicates that citizen evaluations convey reasonably accurate information about the condition of community streets and parks.", "Practitioners and scholars are concerned that citizen surveys about community services are heavily influenced by respondents' opinions on other issues and by their sociodemographic backgrounds. We search for these biases by examining the extent to which citizen assessments of streets and parks in Iowa communities match the assessments of a nonresident. The citizens' ratings correlate significantly with the nonresident's ratings, indicating that citizen evaluations are not entirely the product of other influences. However, further analysis reveals some bias. In particular, streets are rated higher in wealthy towns, towns high in political efficacy, and towns where residents rate government services good overall. Parks are rated higher in towns where people come together to solve problems and in towns where people rate government services good overall. Even with these biases, our research indicates that citizen evaluations convey reasonably accurate information about the condition of community streets and parks.", "Practitioners and scholars are concerned that citizen surveys about community services are heavily influenced by respondents' opinions on other issues and by their sociodemographic backgrounds. We search for these biases by examining the extent to which citizen assessments of streets and parks in Iowa communities match the assessments of a nonresident. The citizens' ratings correlate significantly with the nonresident's ratings, indicating that citizen evaluations are not entirely the product of other influences. However, further analysis reveals some bias. In particular, streets are rated higher in wealthy towns, towns high in political efficacy, and towns where residents rate government services good overall. Parks are rated higher in towns where people come together to solve problems and in towns where people rate government services good overall. Even with these biases, our research indicates that citizen evaluations convey reasonably accurate information about the condition of community streets and parks.", "Practitioners and scholars are concerned that citizen surveys about community services are heavily influenced by respondents' opinions on other issues and by their sociodemographic backgrounds. We search for these biases by examining the extent to which citizen assessments of streets and parks in Iowa communities match the assessments of a nonresident. The citizens' ratings correlate significantly with the nonresident's ratings, indicating that citizen evaluations are not entirely the product of other influences. However, further analysis reveals some bias. In particular, streets are rated higher in wealthy towns, towns high in political efficacy, and towns where residents rate government services good overall. Parks are rated higher in towns where people come together to solve problems and in towns where people rate government services good overall. Even with these biases, our research indicates that citizen evaluations convey reasonably accurate information about the condition of community streets and parks. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]" ], "Language":[ "English" ], "EISSN":[ "1540-6210" ], "Author":[ "William McLean", "Tom W. Rice", "Michael J. Licari" ], "ISSN":[ "0033-3352" ], "PublicationCentury":[ "2000" ], "IsScholarly":[ "true" ], "PublicationDecade":[ "2000" ], "Snippet":[ "Practitioners and scholars are concerned that citizen surveys about community services are heavily influenced by respondents' opinions on other issues and by..." ], "References_xml":[ { "volume":"44", "start-page":"118", "issue":"2", "year":"1984", "end-page":"27", "article-title":"Linking Objective and Subjective Measures of Performance", "publication-title":"Public Administration Review" }, { "year":"1974" }, { "volume":"10", "start-page":"9", "issue":"9", "year":"1971", "end-page":"24", "article-title":"City Taxes and Services: Citizens Speak Out", "publication-title":"Nation's Cities" }, { "volume":"62", "start-page":"610", "issue":"5", "year":"2002b", "end-page":"21", "article-title":"A Multiple‐Indicator Approach to Municipal Service Evaluation: Correlating Performance Measurement and Citizen Satisfaction across Jurisdictions", 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Rice" } ], "CODEN":[ "PBARBM" ], "Abstract":[ "Practitioners and scholars are concerned that citizen surveys about community services are heavily influenced by respondents' opinions on other issues and by their sociodemographic backgrounds. We search for these biases by examining the extent to which citizen assessments of streets and parks in Iowa communities match the assessments of a nonresident. The citizens' ratings correlate significantly with the nonresident's ratings, indicating that citizen evaluations are not entirely the product of other influences. However, further analysis reveals some bias. In particular, streets are rated higher in wealthy towns, towns high in political efficacy, and towns where residents rate government services good overall. Parks are rated higher in towns where people come together to solve problems and in towns where people rate government services good overall. Even with these biases, our research indicates that citizen evaluations convey reasonably accurate information about the condition of community streets and parks." ], "PublicationYear":[ "2005" ], "StartPage":[ "360" ], "Copyright_xml":[ { "notice":"Copyright 2005 The American Society for Public Administration" } ], "GeographicLocations_xml":[ { "name":"United States" }, { "name":"US" } ], "SSID":[ "ssj0012148" ], "Title":[ "The Condition of Community Streets and Parks: A Comparison of Resident and Nonresident Evaluations" ], "PublicationDate":[ "20050501", "May 2005", "2005-05-00" ], "PageCount":[ "9" ], "Genre":[ "article" ], "DatabaseTitle":[ "EconLit", "CrossRef", "ABI/INFORM Select", "SIRS Editorial", "Politics Collection", "ProQuest Gold", "ProQuest Pharma Collection", "ProQuest Central Korea", "ProQuest Central Essentials", "Social Science Premium Collection", "ABI/INFORM Select (Alumni Edition)", "ProQuest Central (Alumni)", "Gold: Business", "Research Library (Alumni Edition)", "Gold: Social Sciences", "ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)", "Research Library Prep", "ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)", "ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection", "ProQuest Hospital Collection", "ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced", "ProQuest Psychology Journals", "ABI/INFORM Complete", "ProQuest Social Science Journals (Alumni Edition)", "Platinum: Social Sciences", "Global News & ABI/Inform Professional", "ProQuest Central K12", "ProQuest Research Library", "Trade PRO", "ProQuest Psychology Journals (Alumni)", "Education Collection", "ProQuest Political Science", "ABI/INFORM Research", "ABI/INFORM Global", "ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)", "ProQuest Central", "Business Premium Collection (Alumni)", "ABI/INFORM Research (Alumni Edition)", "Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)", "ProQuest Social Science Journals", "ProQuest Central Basic", "ProQuest Business Collection", "Health Research Premium Collection", "ABI/INFORM Professional Standard", "ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)", "Platinum: Business", "ABI/INFORM Complete - 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We apply a numerically solved general equilibrium model to compare the incidence and costs of emissions taxes, fuel (intermediate input) taxes, performance standards and mandated technologies in the absence and presence of this compensation requirement. Compensation is provided either through industry tax credits or industry-specific cuts in capital tax rates. We analyze the added costs from the compensation requirement in terms of (1) an increase in \"intrinsic abatement cost,\" reflecting a lowered efficiency of pollution abatement, and (2) a \"lump-sum compensation cost\" that captures the efficiency costs of financing the compensation. The compensation requirement affects these components differently, depending on the policy instrument involved and the required extent of pollution abatement. As a result, it can change the cost rankings of the different instruments. In particular, when compensation is provided through lump-sum tax credits, the lump-sum compensation cost is higher under the emissions tax than under the command-and-control policies (performance standards and mandated technologies) a reflection of the higher compensation requirements under the emissions tax. When the required pollution reduction is modest, imposing the compensation requirement causes the emissions tax to lose its status as the least costly instrument and to become more costly than command-and-control policies. In contrast, when required abatement is extensive, the emissions tax again becomes the most cost-effective instrument because of its advantages in terms of lower intrinsic abatement cost.", "This paper explores how the costs of meeting given aggregate targets for pollution emissions change with the imposition of the requirement that key pollution-related industries be compensated for potential losses of profit from the pollution regulation. We apply a numerically solved general equilibrium model to compare the incidence and costs of emissions taxes, fuel (intermediate input) taxes, performance standards and mandated technologies in the absence and presence of this compensation requirement. Compensation is provided either through industry tax credits or industry-specific cuts in capital tax rates. We analyze the added costs from the compensation requirement in terms of (1) an increase in \"intrinsic abatement cost,\" reflecting a lowered efficiency of pollution abatement, and (2) a \"lump-sum compensation cost\" that captures the efficiency costs of financing the compensation. The compensation requirement affects these components differently, depending on the policy instrument involved and the required extent of pollution abatement. As a result, it can change the cost rankings of the different instruments. In particular, when compensation is provided through lump-sum tax credits, the lump-sum compensation cost is higher under the emissions tax than under the command-and-control policies (performance standards and mandated technologies)--a reflection of the higher compensation requirements under the emissions tax. When the required pollution reduction is modest, imposing the compensation requirement causes the emissions tax to lose its status as the least costly instrument and to become more costly than command-and-control policies. In contrast, when required abatement is extensive, the emissions tax again becomes the most cost-effective instrument because of its advantages in terms of lower intrinsic abatement cost.", "This paper explores how the costs of meeting given aggregate targets for pollution emissions change with the imposition of the requirement that key pollution-related industries be compensated for potential losses of profit from the pollution regulation. We apply a numerically solved general equilibrium model to compare the incidence and costs of emissions taxes, fuel (intermediate input) taxes, performance standards and mandated technologies in the absence and presence of this compensation requirement. Compensation is provided either through industry tax credits or industry-specific cuts in capital tax rates." ], "Language":[ "English" ], "EISSN":[ "1879-2316" ], "Author":[ "Bovenberg, A. Lans", "Goulder, Lawrence H", "Jacobsen, Mark R" ], "ISSN":[ "0047-2727" ], "PublicationCentury":[ "2000" ], "IsScholarly":[ "true" ], "PublicationDecade":[ "2000" ], "References_xml":[ { "volume":"80", "start-page":"249", "year":"2001", "end-page":"267", "ident":"bib12", "article-title":"Environmental controls, scarcity rents, and pre-existing distortions", "publication-title":"Journal of Public Economics", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Fullerton" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Metcalf" } }, { "volume":"22", "start-page":"313", "year":"1998", "end-page":"367", "ident":"bib20", "article-title":"The choice of regulatory instruments in environmental policy", "publication-title":"Harvard Environmental Law Review", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Stavins" } }, { "year":"2002", "ident":"bib7", "article-title":"That elusive elasticity: a long-panel approach to estimating the price sensitivity of business capital", "publication-title":"Working paper", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Chirinko" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Fazzari" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Meyer" } }, { "year":"2001", "ident":"bib2", "article-title":"Neutralizing the adverse industry impacts of CO ", "publication-title":"Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Bovenberg" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Goulder" } }, { "volume":"19", "start-page":"603", "year":"2000", "end-page":"613", "ident":"bib17", "article-title":"Policy analysis in the presence of distorting taxes", "publication-title":"Journal of Policy Analysis and Management", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Parry" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Oates" } }, { "year":"1998", "ident":"bib5", "publication-title":"Benchmark Input–Output Accounts of the United States, 1992", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Bureau of Economic Analysis" } }, { "volume":"45", "start-page":"523", "year":"2003", "end-page":"545", "ident":"bib9", "article-title":"Instrument choice for environmental protection when technological innovation is endogenous", "publication-title":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Fischer" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Parry" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Pizer" } }, { "volume":"vol. 18", "start-page":"343", "year":"1993", "end-page":"395", "ident":"bib15", "article-title":"Energy prices, productivity, and economic growth", "publication-title":"Annual Review of Energy and the Environment", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Jorgenson" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Wilcoxen" } }, { "volume":"91", "start-page":"593", "year":"2007", "end-page":"617", "ident":"bib22", "article-title":"Optimal taxation and cross-price effects on labor supply: estimates of the optimal gas tax", "publication-title":"Journal of Public Economics", "contributor":{ "fullname":"West" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Williams" } }, { "volume":"72", "start-page":"329", "year":"1999", "end-page":"360", "ident":"bib13", "article-title":"The cost-effectiveness of alternative instruments for environmental protection in a second-best setting", "publication-title":"Journal of Public Economics", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Goulder" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Parry" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Williams" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Burtraw" } }, { "volume":"36", "year":"2005", "ident":"bib3", "article-title":"Efficiency costs of meeting industry-distributional constraints under environmental permits and taxes", "publication-title":"RAND Journal of Economics", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Bovenberg" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Goulder" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Gurney" } }, { "year":"2002", "ident":"bib1", "article-title":"An intertemporal general equilibrium model for analyzing U.S. Energy and Environmental Policies: data documentation", "publication-title":"Working paper", "contributor":{ "fullname":"Barreto" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Gurney" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Xie" }, "contributor":{ "fullname":"Goulder" } }, { "year":"1996", "ident":"bib18", "article-title":"Labor supply and taxes", "publication-title":"Working paper. 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"SubjectTerms":[ "Emissions abatement costs", "Compensation requirements", "Pollution control", "Environmental instrument choice", "Environmental Economics: Government Policy (Q58)", "Taxes", "Northern America", "Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities, Redistributive Effects, Environmental Taxes and Subsidies (H23)", "Tax", "U.S", "Regulation" ], "Volume":[ "92" ], "Discipline":[ "Political Science", "Mathematics", "Economics" ], "References":[ "Fullerton, Heutel (bib11) 2006", "Fullerton, Metcalf (bib12) 2001; 80", "Stavins (bib19) 1996; 30", "Bureau of Economic Analysis (bib5) 1998", "Barreto, Gurney, Xie, Goulder (bib1) 2002", "Stavins (bib20) 1998; 22", "Goulder, Parry, Williams, Burtraw (bib13) 1999; 72", "Energy Information Administration (bib8) 1999", "Bovenberg, Goulder, Gurney (bib3) 2005; 36", "Chirinko, Fazzari, Meyer (bib7) 2002", "Fischer, Parry, Pizer (bib9) 2003; 45", "Bovenberg, Goulder, Jacobsen (bib4) 2006", "Russek (bib18) 1996", "Parry, Bento (bib16) 2000; 39", 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Lans", "surname":"Bovenberg", "fullname":"Bovenberg, A. Lans" }, { "sequence":"2", "givenname":"Lawrence H", "surname":"Goulder", "fullname":"Goulder, Lawrence H" }, { "sequence":"3", "givenname":"Mark R", "surname":"Jacobsen", "fullname":"Jacobsen, Mark R" } ], "Abstract":[ "This paper explores how the costs of meeting given aggregate targets for pollution emissions change with the imposition of the requirement that key pollution-related industries be compensated for potential losses of profit from the pollution regulation. We apply a numerically solved general equilibrium model to compare the incidence and costs of emissions taxes, fuel (intermediate input) taxes, performance standards and mandated technologies in the absence and presence of this compensation requirement. Compensation is provided either through industry tax credits or industry-specific cuts in capital tax rates. We analyze the added costs from the compensation requirement in terms of (1) an increase in \"intrinsic abatement cost,\" reflecting a lowered efficiency of pollution abatement, and (2) a \"lump-sum compensation cost\" that captures the efficiency costs of financing the compensation. The compensation requirement affects these components differently, depending on the policy instrument involved and the required extent of pollution abatement. As a result, it can change the cost rankings of the different instruments. In particular, when compensation is provided through lump-sum tax credits, the lump-sum compensation cost is higher under the emissions tax than under the command-and-control policies (performance standards and mandated technologies)--a reflection of the higher compensation requirements under the emissions tax. When the required pollution reduction is modest, imposing the compensation requirement causes the emissions tax to lose its status as the least costly instrument and to become more costly than command-and-control policies. In contrast, when required abatement is extensive, the emissions tax again becomes the most cost-effective instrument because of its advantages in terms of lower intrinsic abatement cost." ], "PublicationYear":[ "2008" ], "StartPage":[ "1236" ], "RelatedPersons_xml":[ { "sequence":"1", "fullname":"Department of Economics" }, { "sequence":"1", "fullname":"Research Group: Economics" } ], "Copyright_xml":[ { "notice":"Elsevier B.V." }, { "notice":"info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess" }, { "notice":"COPYRIGHT 2008 Elsevier B.V." } ], "SSID":[ "ssj0001398" ], "RelatedPersons":[ "Research Group: Economics", "Department of Economics" ], "Title":[ "Costs of alternative environmental policy instruments in the presence of industry compensation requirements" ], "PublicationDate":[ "2008", "20080601", "2008-06-00" ], "DatabaseTitle":[ "EconLit", "CrossRef" ], "EndPage":[ "1253" ], "MergedId":[ "FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c4049-769e0f71e38ee20568c609a134d74861e1c9ef8a1e8e7af444d508f1d7c2c6ef3" ], "PQID":[ 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"AbstractList":[ "Results of this study show that a heterogeneous labor force serves to attract new food manufacturing investment. We conduct analysis for SIC 20, Food and Kindred Product Manufacturing, and disaggregate analysis on all nine three-digit SIC food industries. Heterogeneity variables are a significant factor in nearly all specifications. We also examine which factors create the greatest increases in the expected number of new establishments. Areas with a high degree of labor heterogeneity are found to have large advantages. Labor heterogeneity is among the most important factors attracting food manufacturing to urban areas over rural areas." ], "Language":[ "English" ], "EISSN":[ "2327-8277" ], "Author":[ "Davis, David E", "Schluter, Gerald E" ], "ISSN":[ "0162-1912" ], "PublicationCentury":[ "2000" ], "IsScholarly":[ "false" ], "PublicationDecade":[ "2000" ], "Snippet":[ "Results of this study show that a heterogeneous labor force serves to attract new food manufacturing investment. We conduct analysis for SIC 20, Food and..." ], "PublicationTitle":[ "Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics" ], "ProviderPackageCode":[ "8BH", "ECH", "IJF" ], "SubjectTerms":[ "Food, Beverages, Cosmetics, Tobacco, Wine and Spirits (L66)", "Northern America", "Entry", "Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics: Regional Migration, Regional Labor Markets, Population, Neighborhood Characteristics (R23)", "Production, Pricing, and Market Structure, Size Distribution of Firms (L11)", "Food", "U.S", "Other Spatial Production and Pricing Analysis (R32)", "Manufacturing" ], "Volume":[ "30" ], "Discipline":[ "Economics" ], "ContentType":[ "Journal Article" ], "SourceType":[ "Index Database" ], "Author_xml":[ { "sequence":"1", "fullname":"Davis, David E" }, { "sequence":"2", "fullname":"Schluter, Gerald E" } ], "Abstract":[ "Results of this study show that a heterogeneous labor force serves to attract new food manufacturing investment. 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